Chemical formula name in chemistry // Common Chemical Formulas in Chemistry

 

Here is a list of common chemical formulas in chemistry, grouped by categories for easier understanding. These include elements, compounds, acids, bases, salts, and gases that are commonly studied in school-level chemistry (Class 9–12, NEET, JEE, etc.).

🧪 Common Chemical Formulas in Chemistry

🔹 Elements (Symbols)

Element Symbol
Hydrogen H₂
Oxygen O₂
Nitrogen N₂
Chlorine Cl₂
Iodine I₂
Fluorine F₂
Bromine Br₂
Ozone O₃
Phosphorus P₄
Sulfur S₈

🔹 Common Compounds

Name Formula
Water H₂O
Carbon dioxide CO₂
Carbon monoxide CO
Methane CH₄
Ammonia NH₃
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
Ethanol (Alcohol) C₂H₅OH
Urea CO(NH₂)₂
Hydrogen peroxide H₂O₂
Baking soda NaHCO₃
Washing soda Na₂CO₃·10H₂O
Bleaching powder Ca(OCl)₂
Quick lime CaO
Slaked lime Ca(OH)₂
Limestone / Marble CaCO₃
Vinegar (Acetic acid) CH₃COOH

🔹 Acids

Acid Name Formula
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Sulfuric acid H₂SO₄
Nitric acid HNO₃
Acetic acid CH₃COOH
Carbonic acid H₂CO₃
Phosphoric acid H₃PO₄
Formic acid HCOOH
Citric acid C₆H₈O₇

🔹 Bases (Alkalis)

Base Name Formula
Sodium hydroxide NaOH
Potassium hydroxide KOH
Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂
Ammonium hydroxide NH₄OH
Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)₂

🔹 Salts

Salt Name Formula
Sodium chloride (Table salt) NaCl
Sodium carbonate Na₂CO₃
Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO₃
Potassium nitrate KNO₃
Calcium carbonate CaCO₃
Ammonium chloride NH₄Cl
Zinc sulfate ZnSO₄
Copper sulfate (Blue vitriol) CuSO₄·5H₂O

🔹 Oxides

Name Formula
Carbon dioxide CO₂
Carbon monoxide CO
Sulfur dioxide SO₂
Sulfur trioxide SO₃
Nitrogen dioxide NO₂
Nitrous oxide (Laughing gas) N₂O

📘 Bonus: Household Chemistry

Name Formula
Salt (Common) NaCl
Sugar (Sucrose) C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Vinegar (Acetic acid) CH₃COOH
Detergent (Sodium dodecyl sulfate) NaC₁₂H₂₅SO₄
LPG (Butane + Propane) C₄H₁₀ + C₃H₈

If you want this list as a PDF or in Hindi, or specific to Class 10, 11, or 12, just let me know!

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