What is protein explain with example

 

✅ What is Protein?

Protein is a large, complex biomolecule made up of smaller units called amino acids. It plays a vital role in the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

🔹 Definition:

Proteins are nitrogen-containing organic compounds composed of long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.

🔹 Structure of Protein:

  • Basic Unit: Amino acids (20 types)
  • Bond: Peptide bond
  • Structure Levels:
    1. Primary (sequence of amino acids)
    2. Secondary (coiling/folding)
    3. Tertiary (3D structure)
    4. Quaternary (more than one polypeptide chain)

🔹 Functions of Proteins:

Function Example
Structural support Keratin (hair, nails), Collagen (skin)
Enzymes Amylase, Pepsin (help in digestion)
Transport Hemoglobin (carries oxygen)
Defense Antibodies (fight infections)
Hormones Insulin (controls blood sugar)
Movement Actin, Myosin (muscle contraction)

🔹 Sources of Proteins:

  • Animal sources: Eggs, meat, fish, milk
  • Plant sources: Pulses (dal), soybeans, nuts, legumes

🔹 Examples of Proteins:

Protein Name Role
Hemoglobin Carries oxygen in blood
Insulin Regulates blood sugar
Pepsin Digestive enzyme in stomach
Keratin Makes hair and nails

Let me know if you'd like this in Hindi, or need Class 12 Biology notes on proteins.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis (Chemistry, Class 12):

  Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis (Chemistry, Class 12): Statement: The mass (m) of a substance deposited or liberated at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity (Q) passed through the electrolyte. Mathematically: m=Z.Q Where: m = mass of the substance deposited (in grams) Q = total charge passed (in coulombs) Z = electrochemical equivalent (ECE) of the substance (grams per coulomb) Also, Q = I.t I = current (in amperes) t = time (in seconds) So, m = Z.I.t In Simple Words: Faraday's First Law tells us that more electricity means more substance will be deposited at the electrode. For example, if you double the current or time, the amount of substance deposited will also double. If you want the Second Law of Faraday or its explanation in Hindi , just let me know!
Read more

What is electromotive force in Chemistry class 12th

  In chemistry , electromotive force (EMF) refers to the voltage generated by a chemical cell (like a galvanic or voltaic cell) due to redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions happening at the electrodes. 🔹 Definition (Chemistry Context): EMF is the potential difference between two electrodes of an electrochemical cell when no current is flowing . It measures the tendency of electrons to flow from the anode (where oxidation occurs) to the cathode (where reduction occurs). 🔹 Symbol: 🔹 Unit: Volt (V) 🔹 Formula: \mathcal{E}_{\text{cell}} = E^\circ_{\text{cathode}} - E^\circ_{\text{anode}} Where: = standard electrode potentials (in volts) Measured under standard conditions : 1 M concentration 25°C (298 K) 1 atm pressure 🔹 Example (Daniel Cell): Zn | Zn²⁺ (1 M) || Cu²⁺ (1 M) | Cu Anode (oxidation): Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻ Cathode (reduction): Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu Standard electrode potentials: \mathcal{E}_{\text{cell}} = 0.34 - (-0.76) = 1.10\text{ V}...
Read more

What is means of isolated gaseous atom

  💨 Isolated Gaseous Atom – Meaning: An isolated gaseous atom means: 👉 A single atom of an element 👉 In the gaseous state (not bonded to any other atom or molecule) 👉 That is completely free from external forces (like other atoms or molecules nearby) 🧪 In Simple Words: An isolated gaseous atom is a lone atom in the gas phase, existing independently , just like: A single He atom (Helium) floating alone in space Not forming a molecule like O₂ or H₂ Not in solid or liquid form 🔍 Why Important in Chemistry? It is a reference state used in: Ionization energy Electron affinity Enthalpy calculations Bond dissociation energies These properties are usually measured for an isolated gaseous atom because: There's no interference from other atoms. It gives the purest form of an element's energy or behavior. 🧠 Example: If we say: "The ionization energy of an isolated gaseous hydrogen atom is 1312 kJ/mol" It means: the energy required...
Read more