What is DNA and RNA explain with examples // write the different between DNA and RNA

 

Here is a simple explanation of DNA and RNA with examples:

🧬 What is DNA?

Full Form: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Definition: DNA is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

Example:
In humans, eye color or blood group is determined by genes present in DNA.

Structure: Double-stranded helix
Bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

Location: Found mainly in the nucleus of cells.

🧫 What is RNA?

Full Form: Ribonucleic Acid
Definition: RNA helps in reading the genetic code from DNA and making proteins in cells. It acts as a messenger.

Example:
During protein synthesis, mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the code from DNA to the ribosome.

Structure: Single-stranded
Bases: Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

Location: Found in both nucleus and cytoplasm.



Here is a clear and simple difference between DNA and RNA:

Feature DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
Full Form Deoxyribonucleic Acid Ribonucleic Acid
Sugar Present Deoxyribose Ribose
Strands Double-stranded helix Single-stranded
Nitrogen Bases A, T, C, G (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine) A, U, C, G (Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine)
Base Pairing A pairs with T, C pairs with G A pairs with U, C pairs with G
Location in Cell Mostly in nucleus Found in nucleus and cytoplasm
Function Stores genetic information Helps in protein synthesis
Types Only one type Three types: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
Stability More stable Less stable

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